History demonstrates that the kinds of organizational structures that foster innovation are open, communal, and humble.
This is a great three-part extended review of the book How Innovation Works by Matt Ridley. Ron McFarland summarizes Ridley's characterization of innovation: it's gradual, incremental, and collective, and involves extensive collaboration between parties. "This, I argue, is why open organization principles are so important and play a major role in fostering innovation."
In part two of the series, he reviews Ridley's assessment of the environments where innovation and discovery thrive, and demonstrates some essential characteristics of the innovation process. Finally, he brings these ideas alive by recounting case studies of innovative discoveries throughout history.
Book Review: How Innovation Works: Serendipity, Energy and the Saving of Time